Prsasan

k|zf;gsf] k'g ;+/rgf cyf{t qmflGt

                                                                                                                              –plbt yfkf

 

k|zf;gsf] cy{ Psn] csf]{nfO{ zf;g ug'{ jf clwgdf /fVg' xf] . c?dfly zf;g ug]{ oGqsf] gfd k|zf;g oGq xf] . cfh ko{Gt ljsf; ePsf] k|zf;g eg]sf] wlgn] ul/adfly zf;g ug]{ k|zf;g xf] . afx'g, If]qLn] blnt / hghflt dfly zf;g ug]{ k|zf;g xf] . k'?ifn] dflxnfdfly zf;g ug]{ k|zf;g xf] . sf7df8f}+n] cGo df]km;n dfly zf;g ug]{ k|zf;g ug]{ k|zf;g xf] .

 

/fHosf] pTklQ ;u} k|;fgsf pTklQ ePsf] xf] . /fHo eg]sf] Ps ju{n] csf]{ ju{ dfly clwgfosTj nf8g] lgsfo xf] . jlu{o ;dfhdf Ps ju{n] csf]{ ju{nfO{ bjfpg s} nflu /fHo gfds ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ul/Psf] xf] h;df k|zf;s x'G5, k'ln; x'G5, cbfnt x'G5, h]n x'G5 . oL ;a} /fHosf ;fwgx? x'g . zf]ifs ju{n] cfkmgf] zf]if0f sfod /fVg ;]gf / ;z:q k|x/L ;lxtsf] k|zf;g ;+oGq ljsf; u/]sf] 5 .

/fHosf] ljnf]lks/0f ;u} k|zf;gsf] klg nf]k x'g] x'G5 . cr]]n k|zf;gsf] ;§f Joj:yfkg (Management) sf] k|of]u x'g yfn]sf] 5 . Administration sf] cy{ ;+of]hg x'G5 . Administration nfO{ k|zf;g eGg' cgy{ x'G5

 

/fhfsf] OR5f cfsf+IFf / :jfy{ k'/f ug{ k|zf;gsf] u7g eof] . k|zf;g ljsf; qmddf sd{rf/L tGq Bureaucracy sf] ljsf; eof] . sd{rf/Lx? cfkm}nfO{ xflsd 7fGb5g\ / c?dfly x's'd nf8\g tlNng 5g\ . d'n'sdf j8f xflsdsf] cGTo eof] . t/ oxf xflsdx? lhpb} 5g\ / b'lgofnfO{ x's'd nf8\g xhf/ bfp v]ln/x]sf 5g\ . d'n'sdf /fhfsf] cGTo eof] t/ /fHo ;+oGq pxL 5 .

 

;dfhsf] nflu /fhfsf] cGTo;u} /fHosf] klg cGTo x'g h?/L 5 . ca k|zf;g ;+oGqsf] gfd Joj:yfkg jf ;+of]hg ;ldlt /flvg' kb{5 /fhfn] sd{rf/L tGqnfO{ hg ;d'bfoaf6 cnu ul/lbPsf lyP . sd{rf/L eg]sf] hgtf eGbf dfly / hgtf eGbf hfGg] ljz]if dflg; x'g eGg] cledfgn] sd{rf/Lsf] lbdfu el/lbPsf lyP . clxn] klg sd{rf/Lx?sf] lbdfudf ToxL s'/f 5 ls plgx? ljz]if Ifdtf ePsf hgtfx?nfO{ txnufpg] dflg;x? x'g\ .

 

/fhf d'lv k|zf;gnfO{ ca hg d'lv Joj:yfkgdf abNg' kb{5 . o;sf nflu Bureaucracy / Democracy sf] Fusion ug'{ h?/L 5 . cfwf sd{rf/L Popularity Base af6 / cfwf sd{rf/L Marit Base af6 Election / Selection ug'{ kb{5 . o;f] eof] eg] Elected / Selected sd{rf/lx?sf] lg/Gt/ cGt/ lqmofaf6 ;dfh ultzLn aGb5 . clxn]sf] xfd|f] sd{rf/LtGq c;fWo Static 5 o;nfO{ Dynamic agfpg ckl/xfo{ 5 . o;sf] nflu clws[t txsf sd{rf/Lx? Popularity Base af6 r'Gg' kb{5 . ;Dk"0f{ /fhkqf+lst sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ hglgjf{lrt agfO{g' kb{5 . afls cGo sd{rf/Lx? Dffq cfof]u (Board) af6 5fGg' kb{5 . o;f] eof] eg] dfq sd{rf/L tGqdf k+|hftflGqs ;dfhafb nfu" x'G5 . hgtf / sd{rf/L lar PSoa4tf (Solidarity) sfod x'G5 . hgtfx?n] xfd|f] /fHo eGg] cg'e"lg ub{5g .

              Hfgtfx?sf] ef}uf]lns Pj+ ;f+:s[lts ljljwtfnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{ ;+l3otfsf] cjwf/0ff cfPsf] xf] . ;+l3o /fHo xf]Og ;+l3o Joj:yfkg ug[{ cfjZos 5 . ;+l3otfn] nf]stGqnfO{ ;/n / kl/0fd d'lv agfpb5 . ;+l3o Joj/yfkg jf:tljs nf]stGq xf] .;+l3otfdf k|ToIo nf]stGq (Direct Domocrecy) sf] cEof; ug{ ;lsG5 .